Definition: Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs)

Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs) - "chinese rural enterprises that were initially organized as cooperatives, but later took other forms, such as joint-stock cooperatives, limited liability companies, or even private firms. In the 1980s, TVEs, taking advantage of cheap labor, startup capital, and land, produced 60–70 percent of rural output." - source: Economic Development 4th Edition by E. Wayne Nafziger